87 Octane

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About Ducdom's post. Detonation doesn't necessarily occur before the spark event. The advancing pressure wall from the burn (not explosion) causes the cylinder pressure to increase ahead of it which can cause mixture in corners and too large squish areas to spontaneously ignite. That sends a shock wave through all of the fluid in the chamber and that is the 'ping' we hear (and frequently, don't hear.) That can cause the crystally erosion we see on pistons crowns and cylinder heads, in some cases.
Pre-ignition can be caused by too hot electrode on a spark plug. The results of this are melting of the piston and sometimes the heat causes detonation.

How do I know? I have examples of both.

Thanks for this explanation.
It would be nice if there was a movie somehow showing this process in slow motion. I am sure that would look really cool. For a screen saver or similar.
 
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I am sure all of this can get very seriously detailed and intense. I know in my profession professionals are ready to go to war over details like this as well.
But it was kind of nice to get all the responses here. Thanks to everyone for that and keeping it civil LOL. I sure learned a lot.

Maybe as my final comment maybe more from a business like point of view. Imagine Ducati recommends 91 and 87 would damage the engine. Even though they know 87 is available everywhere. Considering that fact, that would be insane business practice. The chances some ..... like me puts 87 in the bike. Maybe because of a mistake, or the only one that is available or because whatever. That chance must be huge considering all the parts on the planet Ducati sells bikes to. So if in fact 87 is available and knowing idiots like me exist everywhere, wouldn't it be much much smarter to make the bike work with 87 as well without damage? Otherwise how many bikes would come in with blown engines during the warranty period. How will Ducati be able to prove it was from sub standard fuel. No way. The financial loss would be insane.
So I think it is reasonable to think that 87 will not damage the engine.
As for me the rest is somewhere between the sand on the beach and the clouds in the sky. Until then I hope to see you out on the road somewhere tearing it up with a Ducati.
 
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I am sure all of this can get very seriously detailed and intense. I know in my profession professionals are ready to go to war over details like this as well.
But it was kind of nice to get all the responses here. Thanks to everyone for that and keeping it civil LOL. I sure learned a lot.

Maybe as my final comment maybe more from a business like point of view. Imagine Ducati recommends 91 and 87 would damage the engine. Even though they know 87 is available everywhere. Considering that fact, that would be insane business practice. The chances some ..... like me puts 87 in the bike. Maybe because of a mistake, or the only one that is available or because whatever. That chance must be huge considering all the parts on the planet Ducati sells bikes to. So if in fact 87 is available and knowing idiots like me exist everywhere, wouldn't it be much much smarter to make the bike work with 87 as well without damage? Otherwise how many bikes would come in with blown engines during the warranty period. How will Ducati be able to prove it was from sub standard fuel. No way. The financial loss would be insane.
So I think it is reasonable to think that 87 will not damage the engine.
As for me the rest is somewhere between the sand on the beach and the clouds in the sky. Until then I hope to see you out on the road somewhere tearing it up with a Ducati.

You must remember that DUCATI also have performance targets to meet
regarding power and emissions.
Only the use of higher quality fuel will realistically facilitate that.
They also know what fuel is available in a given locality where the failure occurred (if it's fuel related).
87 may not damage an engine in the short term (as a once off occurrence)
Prolonged use almost certainly will do damage under various circumstances.
The minimum quality fuel required by your machine is clearly set out in your manual. If you can't understand what is written in your manual there is the dealer to go back to if they already haven't explained to you the relevant information at hand over.
Or there is a help line one can call for clarification.

Regarding the potential financial implications for DUCATI.
They will always reserve the right to disapprove a warranty claim;)

There are a number of ways to tell if an engine was damaged from use of the wrong fuel.
The contents of the fuel tank is the first.
The nature of the failure is second.
The third and most powerful is the computer really tells a thousand tales with the aid of the various sensors.

Actually the computer will also tip the bucket on an owner who has operated their machine outside of what would be regarded as normal operating parameters as well.

I personally like it when a bike comes in for what is initially a warranty claim due to an engine problem or failure.
The owners nearly always say they haven't been hooning up on their bike.
The bike tells a thousand stories in it's own right, then when the computer starts to spit out information it's sadly game over.
The owners will swear black and blue and jump up and down and get hot under the collar about how they've done nothing wrong.
And then we say sorry to inform you, but you've been playing up because of the data the computer has logged that tells us otherwise.
You should see their faces:D
At the time of the failure you were doing whatever, and in the preceding months leading up to the failure the computer logged other data which indicates you were doing this and or that at regular intervals or whatever.

It's an interesting world we live in these days, where once you couldn't prove anything about operating parameters and had to honour warranty claims on a good will basis.
Now the game's over:eek:
 
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As Brad said, in the auto industry our black-boxes tell us everything, down to the detail of if cylinder 2 misfired on jan 2nd a at 2:34pm under 23% throttle input etc. On the transmission side, one of the most common warranty claims we'd deny was burnt clutches, because we could just look up if you were slipping the clutch too much or dumping it on launches if we judged you were "racing"

As to your comment about what engines are designed for, 2 answers... 1)any car engine sold in the last almost 20 years has a knock sensor and will make timing adjustments to avoid knock 2) engines compression ratios and timing are not "fully" optomized for premium, even on engines that say they require premium, to protect for the guy who accidently puts in 87 as you mentioned. As fuel economy standards get tougher, the auto industry is actually lobbying congress to only sell premium in the US.

before anyone gets upset about paying more for premium in their car... there's a plan for that... when the oil industry started adding 10% ethanol, they actually REMOVED the equivalent amount of octane from fuels to save money, as they didn't need to refine as much octane to hit the label rating now, so a large large portion of the refining capacity is moth-balled. when fuels are expected to go to 15% ethanol, the oil companies are expected to leave more octane out so that the overal octane number stays the same instead of increasing with more ethanol. All we are asking is that they refine the same way, so you essentially get free premium. I can send the detailed presentation on this with all the numbers if anyone is that interested.
 
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As Bard said, in the auto industry our black-boxes tell us everything, down to the detail of if cylinder 2 misfired on jan 2nd a at 2:34pm under 23% throttle input etc. On the transmission side, one of the most common warranty claims we'd deny was burnt clutches, because we could just look up if you were slipping the clutch too much or dumping it on launches if we judged you were "racing"

Right on.

The other good one is the wheel speed sensors for abs/traction control.
Any body care to guess what that will tell the tech?

I would like to add that there is a manufacturer (which shall remain nameless) that is automatically logging more information back in the mother country than is available to the tech who is actually operating the service computer at the time whilst the bike is hooked up to the computer for servicing and or diagnosis:eek:
The only thing that will prevent this from happening is if the internet connection is down at the time.

Interesting times indeed:D
 
Turnone, thanks for the info from the manual. This does lend to what the factory rep said. I rarely see 90 octane, usually 89 then 91 or 92. If they did their tune for 89 then naturally they would suggest 90 or better.
 
I personally like it when a bike comes in for what is initially a warranty claim due to an engine problem or failure.
The owners nearly always say they haven't been hooning up on their bike.
The bike tells a thousand stories in it's own right, then when the computer starts to spit out information it's sadly game over.
The owners will swear black and blue and jump up and down and get hot under the collar about how they've done nothing wrong.
And then we say sorry to inform you, but you've been playing up because of the data the computer has logged that tells us otherwise.
You should see their faces:D
At the time of the failure you were doing whatever, and in the preceding months leading up to the failure the computer logged other data which indicates you were doing this and or that at regular intervals or whatever.

It's an interesting world we live in these days, where once you couldn't prove anything about operating parameters and had to honour warranty claims on a good will basis.
Now the game's over:eek:
I guess I am lucky I don't get my bikes service in Brisbane. ;)
 
In several areas of the United States the only fuel you can buy is 87. I ran it, but when I did I kept the rpms nice and low and didn't accelerate like a madman. No way would I do a track day on anything but race fuel, though.
 
Here in the US they add to all octane grades 10-15% ethonol (at the pump, race fuel exempt i believe) I'm sure that has to have some effect on performance of the 1199.
 
Here in the US they add to all octane grades 10-15% ethonol (at the pump, race fuel exempt i believe) I'm sure that has to have some effect on performance of the 1199.

Little more to it than that.

While there are some jurisdictions that require all gasoline sold in them to be ethanol blended (talking about pump gas and not special purpose fuels like race gas), you can usually find ethanol-free gas if you look though it's not always convenient/close. Closest one I can find here in GA is about 65 miles away. I make it a point to stop there on my normal sunday rides through N.GA.

Ethanol-free can be found. It's scarce because refiners have tax incentives to produce E10/E15. It's why, when you do find ethanol free, it tends to be expensive and available only in premium grades (91/93+ octane). Costs refiners more to produce E-free so it carries a price tag and there's limited market for it All of which works against it being widely available here in the US.

As far as performance, ethanol contains less energy per unit than petroleum. So a Panigale should be expected to take a performance hit with E10 gasoline (though it is a fairly small hit - E10 will get you about 5% less MPG than E0). So if you're tuning for performance, you'd want to use E0 instead of E10. Though if you were really serious about performance you'd be tuning to a special purpose fuel (i.e. "race fuel") anyways.
 
I've also heard that ethanol tends to atract or hold on to moisture/water more than petrol alone so there lies the question of shortening the life of the engine and/or accelerated corrosion.
 
Plenty of websites to help find ethanol free fuel in your area. May help search them out. Ducati specifies only E10 as maximum ethanol content. Any higher can void the warranty.

Ethanol sucks but it is cheap octane booster.
 
Ethanol sucks but it is cheap octane booster.

On the engine design side, ethanol isn't so bad if you are able to design an enginee to use it. The problem is we're not, in case you use non-ethanol.

Ethanol has lower energy density as someone mentioned, but allows for higher compression ratios due to it's equivalently high "octane". So in a purely ethanol engine, we can design for very high compression ratios and more power. The reason you have a power/efficiency loss in "flex fuel" cars is because we have to design the compression ratio for 87 octane gas, so it's completely unoptimized for ethanol.

We also have variable compression ratio, dual fuel engine prototypes running around, but too expensive for mass production still
 

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